AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE AGREEMENT

 AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE AGREEMENT

Nama : Betyeka A R

NPM  : 12214150

Kelas : 1 EA 10 

* Affirmative Agreement

When indicating that one person or thing does something and then adding that another does the same, use the word “so” or “too”. To avoid needless repetition of words from the affirmative statement, use the conjunction “and”, followed by a simple statement using so or too. The order of this statement will depend on whether so or too is used.

• When a form of the verb be is used in the main clause, the same tense of verb be is used in the simple statement that follows.

Affirmative statement (be) + and + [ S + verb (be) + too]
Example: I am sad and you are too.

Affirmative statement (be) + and + [ so + verb (be) + S ]
Example: I am sad and so are you.

• When a compound verb (auxiliary +verb), for example, will go, should do, has done, have written, must examine, etc., occurs in the main clause, the auxiliary of the main verb is used in the simple statement, and the subject and verb must agree.

Affirmative statement (compound verb) + and + [ S + auxiliary only + too ]
Example: Robby should do his homework and Larisa should too.

Affirmative statement (compound verb) + and + [ so + auxiliary only + S ]
Example: Robby should do his homework and so does Larisa.

• When any verb except be appears without any auxiliaries in the main clause, the auxiliary do, does, or did is used in the simple statement. The subject and verb must agree and the tense must be the same.

Affirmative statement (single verb except be) + and + [ S + do, does ,or did + too ]
Example: Akbar plays guitar every day and Erna does too.

Affirmative statement (single verb except be) + and + [ so + do, does, or did + S ]
Example: Sari sung “Gee” and so did Yani

Additional Examples:
1. Rose likes to fly, and her brother does too.
2. They will leave at noon, and I will too.

* Negative Agreement

“Either” and “neither” function in simple statements much like “so” and “too” in affirmative sentences. However, either and neither are used to indicate negative agreement. The same rules for auxiliaries, be and do, does, or did apply.

Negative statement + and + [ S + negative auxiliary or be + either]
Negative statement + and + [ neither + positive auxiliary or be + S ]

Examples:
I didn’t see Anggi this morning. Ardi didn’t see Anggi this morning
I didn’t see Ardi this morning and Anggi didn’t either.
I didn’t see Anggi this morning and neither did Edward.

Additional examples:
1. The nurse shouldn’t take that medicine, and neither should she.
2. We don’t plan to attend the concert, and neither do they.
3. I don’t like football, and he doesn’t either.

Link : http://fnflife.blogspot.com/2010/07/affirmative-negative-aggrement.html

 Soal :
1. Jim can't speak Arabic and (Dick) ...../.....
2. A : I've have been in France
    B : ..........

Jawaban :
1. Neither can Dick / Dick can't either
2. So have I / I have too

Kelompok 5:

1. Betyeka A R (12214150)
2. Herdila septiaruwina (14214930)
3. M. Harits Azzindani (17214296)
4. Nabila Natasha (17214705)
5. Putriani Utami 
6. Sukini Nihardja (1A214499) 

Kelas 1 EA 10

Direct and Indirect Speech

Direct and Indirect Speech

Name : Betyeka A R/12214150

Class : 1 EA 10

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

1.      1. Direct Speech

Saying exactly what someone has said is called “Direct Speech”. When a person says appears within quotation marks (“…”) and should be word for word.

Example :

Rangga said, “Todays lesson is physical”or “Todays lesson is  physical”, Rangga said.

2.      2. Indirect Speech/Reported Speech

Indirect speech doesn’t use quotation marks to enclose what the persons said and it doesn’t have to be word for word. When reporting speech the tenses usually change. This is because when we use reported speech we are usually talking about a time in the past. The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too.

            Example :

            Rangga said that the lessons today was physical.

v  Tenses Change

1.      Simple Present tense – Simple Past tense

2.      Present Continious tense – Past Continious tense

3.      Present Perfect tense – Past Perfect tense

4.      Simple Future tense – Past Future tense

5.      Past Continious tense – Past Perfect Continious tense

6.      Past Perfect Continious tense – No change

 

www.learnenglish.de/grammar/reportedspeech.html

Questions :

1.      1. My car was stolen a few weeks ago

2.      2. I want to go on holiday but I can’t afford it

Answer :

1.      1. He said that his car had been stolen a few weeks ago

2.      2. He said that he wanted to go on holiday but he couldn't afford it

Anggota Kelompok :

1.      1. Betyeka A R (12214150)

2.      2. Herdila Septiaruwina (14214930)

3.      3. M. Harits Azzindani (17214296)

4.      4. Nabila Natasha (17214705)

5.      5. Sukini Nihardja (1A214499)

6.     6.  Putriani Utami